{"id":2334,"date":"2023-09-03T09:19:01","date_gmt":"2023-09-03T09:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/?page_id=2334"},"modified":"2026-02-04T08:16:58","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T08:16:58","slug":"causes-of-aging","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/?page_id=2334","title":{"rendered":"Our Science"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='fullscreen_slider_1'  class='avia-fullscreen-slider main_color   avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first   container_wrap sidebar_right' style=' '  ><div   data-size='extra_large'  data-lightbox_size='large'  data-animation='fade'  data-conditional_play=''  data-ids='2637,3121'  data-video_counter='0'  data-autoplay='true'  data-bg_slider='true'  data-slide_height='100'  data-handle='av_fullscreen'  data-interval='3'  data-class=' '  data-el_id=''  data-css_id='fullscreen_slider_1'  data-scroll_down=''  data-control_layout='av-control-hidden'  data-custom_markup=''  data-perma_caption=''  data-autoplay_stopper=''  data-image_attachment='scroll'  data-min_height='0px'  data-lazy_loading='disabled'  data-stretch=''  data-default-height='100'  class='avia-slideshow avia-slideshow-1  av-control-hidden av-default-height-applied avia-slideshow-extra_large av_fullscreen   avia-fade-slider '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 48.6%;' ><li style='background-position:center center;' data-img-url='https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/TH_HP_OurScience_Desktop_2-1500x729.webp' class=' slide-1 ' ><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><div class='av-section-color-overlay' style='opacity: 0.8; '><\/div><\/div><\/li><li style='background-position:center center;' data-img-url='https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Drug-Discover-and-Development-Jobs-for-Doctors-in-Pharma_-DP_20038039_XL-1500x1000.jpg' class=' slide-2 ' ><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><\/div><\/li><\/ul><div class='avia-slideshow-arrows avia-slideshow-controls'><a href='#prev' tabindex='-1' class='prev-slide' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue87c' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'>Previous<\/a><a href='#next' tabindex='-1' class='next-slide' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue87d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'>Next<\/a><\/div><div class='avia-slideshow-dots avia-slideshow-controls'><a href='#1' class='goto-slide active' >1<\/a><a href='#2' class='goto-slide ' >2<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p><div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-bg-style-scroll  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_fullscreen  el_before_av_section   container_wrap sidebar_right' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2334'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-equal-height-column-flextable -flextable' ><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-2  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  style='padding-bottom:10px; color:#871b45;font-size:30px;' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h2 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Science is in our DNA.<\/h2><div class ='av-subheading av-subheading_below av_custom_color ' style='font-size:20px;'><p>Scientific excellence runs deep within our core.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' style='border-color:#871b45'><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"355\"><strong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"10\">KHELMA<\/strong> develops advanced formulations within a Healthy Aging &amp; Longevity Platform built on a structured, mechanism-based architecture. Each formula is designed to act on multiple Hallmarks of Aging simultaneously \u2014 an approach widely recognized by the scientific community as one of the most effective strategies for influencing the aging process.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"357\" data-end=\"641\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Our platform combines core longevity mechanisms with targeted intervention pathways, enabling both systemic support and precision positioning. The formulations are engineered to deliver measurable near-term functional benefits while primarily supporting long-term healthspan outcomes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div  style='height:25px' class='hr hr-invisible   avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_heading '><span class='hr-inner ' ><span class='hr-inner-style'><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag  av-medium-font-size-overwrite av-medium-font-size-30'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >The 12 Hallmarks of Aging<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Aging is a complex phenomenon that requires a combination of ingredients to impact multiple aging pathways synergistically.<\/p>\n<p>Aging research has delineated 12 hallmarks that serve as universal indicators of the aging process across various organisms.<\/p>\n<p>Why is this significant? These well-defined hallmarks offer a roadmap for potential strategies to decelerate the aging process.<\/p>\n<p>These hallmarks are our guiding stars as we strive to create and offer valuable insights and tools to bring about tangible improvements.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>We propose the following 12 hallmarks of aging: Cellular Senescense, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Loss of Proteostasis, Altered Cellular Communication, Genomic Instability, Epigenetic Alterations, Telomere Attrition, Deregulated Nutrient Sensing, Stem Cell Exhaustion, Disabled Macroautophagy, Chronic inflammation, Microbiome Dysbiosis.<\/p>\n<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\">\n<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s\">\n<div id=\"abs0010\" class=\"abstract author\">\n<div id=\"abssec0010\">\n<p id=\"abspara0010\">These hallmarks are interconnected among each other, as well as to the recently proposed hallmarks of health, which include organizational features of spatial compartmentalization, maintenance of homeostasis and adequate responses to stress.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_third  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_third  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>01 Genomic Instability<\/p>\n<p>02 Mitochondrial Dysfunction<\/p>\n<p>03 Loss of Proteostasis<\/p>\n<p>04 Altered Interellular Communication<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"altered-intercellular-communication\" class=\"content__heading\"><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_third  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_third  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>05 Cellular Senescense<\/p>\n<p>06 Epigenetic Alterations<\/p>\n<p>07 Telomere Attrition<\/p>\n<p>08 Deregulated Nutrient Sensing<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_third  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>09 Stem Cell Exhaustion<\/p>\n<p>10 Disabled Macroautophagy<\/p>\n<p>11 Chronic Inflammation<\/p>\n<p>12 Microbiome Dysbiosis<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-17  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2163 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2163 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/genomic-.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/genomic-.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/genomic--300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/genomic--80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/genomic--36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/genomic--180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >01 Genomic Instability<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Genomic instability refers to the\u00a0accumulation of genetic damage or changes\u00a0in DNA that occur over time. Both external and internal factors may influence the level of DNA damage that takes place. Endogenous examples are DNA replication errors and oxidative stress, while exposure to radiation or toxins is exogenous. When your cells age, their capacity to repair DNA damage may also deteriorate, which can\u00a0further cause DNA instability leading to mutations and other alterations in the DNA sequence. According to the National Cancer Institute,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms\/def\/genomic-instability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" data-link-style-setting=\"default\">many types of cancer<\/a>\u00a0are a result of such defects.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-21  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2154 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2154 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mitochondrial.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mitochondrial.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mitochondrial-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mitochondrial-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mitochondrial-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/mitochondrial-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >02 Mitochondrial Dysfunction<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to their role in producing energy in the form of Adenosine 5\u2032-triphosphate or ATP. The more energy it can produce, the more energy the cell will have to work properly across all tissues and organs. Additionally, it plays a role in cellular metabolism. A dysfunctional mitochondrion has been found to\u00a0lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species that fuel inflammation\u00a0and oxidative stress, triggering a cascade of maladaptations and accelerating aging. Studies have found mitochondrial dysfunction to be associated with a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2021.671908\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">wide range of human pathologies<\/a>, such as cancer and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-25  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2159 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2159 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/212.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/212.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/212-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/212-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/212-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/212-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >03 Loss of Proteostasis<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Proper cellular functioning requires a state of homeostasis, the process that regulates proteins within the cell. A balance between protein synthesis, folding, and degradation is essential for maintaining cellular function and preventing the accumulation of damaged or misfolded proteins. The loss of proteostasis refers to the gradual decline in the ability of cells to maintain that protein homeostasis or proteostasis. The efficiency of cells to maintain proteostasis declines over time, leading to a build-up of damaged or misfolded proteins, which have been found to\u00a0contribute to aging and disease. Scientists have identified that a common\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00312\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">pathological hallmark among different neurodegenerative diseases<\/a>\u00a0is the accumulation of aggregated proteins that might\u00a0cause cellular dysfunction\u00a0and, eventually,\u00a0lead to cell death.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-28  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-29  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2161 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2161 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/51517.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"400\" width=\"400\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/51517.jpg 400w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/51517-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/51517-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/51517-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/51517-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-30  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >04 Altered Cellular Communication<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Nothing within an organism, like the human body, occurs in a vacuum or in isolation. Cells constantly communicate with each other through a variety of mechanisms. When this communication gets altered, however, the\u00a0signaling between cells can be lost, misinterpreted, or even ignored<strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0interrupting normal tissue function and repair, and may contribute to the development of age-related diseases.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-32  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-33  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2153 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2153 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Cellular-Sen.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Cellular-Sen.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Cellular-Sen-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Cellular-Sen-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Cellular-Sen-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Cellular-Sen-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >05Cellular Senescense<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>As cells continue to divide through our lifespan, many will eventually reach a point of senescence\u00a0when\u00a0they cannot divide anymore but are still metabolically active. However, in that \u201czombie\u201d state, they become of little use and more of a burden. On the one hand, research has shown that\u00a0small amounts of senescent cells can be beneficial\u00a0for recruiting tissue repair\u00a0factors to damaged areas, such as wounds, or repairing cancerous cells. On the other hand, however, accumulating \u201czombie\u201d cells can contribute to chronic inflammation and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fragi.2022.866718\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" data-link-style-setting=\"default\">may lead to age-related diseases.<\/a> Such accumulation is often referred to as \u201cinflammaging.\u201d Senescence can be triggered by a variety of stresses that were also part of a few other hallmarks of aging, such as telomere shortening, reactive oxygen species, and the activation of cancerous cells due to potential epigenetic alterations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-36  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-37  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2164 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2164 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/epigenetic.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/epigenetic.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/epigenetic-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/epigenetic-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/epigenetic-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/epigenetic-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >06 Epigenetic Alterations<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Epigenetic alterations are characterized by changes in the regulation of gene expression. While these changes do not impact the DNA sequence itself, they\u00a0may trigger modifications in whether a gene switch is turned on or off. Factors such as your environment, diet, lifestyle choices, and stress management can all contribute to how certain genes are expressed over the course of your life. However, as we age, the patterns of these epigenetic alterations can become more pronounced, leading to undesirable changes in gene expression that can contribute to age-related diseases and conditions. A review published in the\u00a0<em>International Journal of Molecular Sciences<\/em>\u00a0concluded that epigenetic alterations may result in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7794926\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">development or progression of several human pathologies<\/a>, including cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Since epigenetics refers to all things external that impact gene expression, these are largely reversible, and we can control what we do and surround ourselves with to protect our genes from developing diseases.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-40  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-41  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2166 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2166 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Telomeres.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Telomeres.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Telomeres-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Telomeres-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Telomeres-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Telomeres-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-42  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >07 Telomere Attrition<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Telomeres are small protective caps on the ends of chromosomes that help to maintain the stability and integrity of your genes. However, each time a cell divides, its\u00a0telomeres become shorter due to the incomplete replication of the telomere sequence during DNA synthesis. The shorter they get, the less protection there is for the chromosomes, which eventually will result in cellular senescence or programmed cell death (more on this below). The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41556-022-00842-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">shortening of telomeres<\/a>\u00a0has been found to accelerate\u00a0aging due to limiting the ability of cells to divide and replenish damaged tissues. Additionally, telomere attrition has been linked to chronic inflammation. According to a study in Nature Cell Biology, \u201csenescent cells secrete a complex set of proinflammatory cytokines, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This alters the composition of the extracellular matrix, impairs stem cell functions, promotes cell transdifferentiation, and can spread the senescence phenotype to surrounding cells, thereby causing chronic systemic inflammation.\u201d A variety of factors impact telomere attrition, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and exposure to toxins. However, studies have found that exercise, particularly aerobic activity, may\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8879766\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">help to improve telomere length<\/a>. The explanation lies in the telomerase enzyme that adds telomere sequence to the ends of chromosomes. Such\u00a0physical activity has been found to\u00a0increase telomerase activity\u00a0and reduce the rate of telomere attrition. Telomere attrition has been\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jci.org\/articles\/view\/66370\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" data-link-style-setting=\"default\">linked to a number of age-related diseases<\/a>, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-44  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-45  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2167 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2167 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/434.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/434.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/434-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/434-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/434-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/434-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-46  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >08 Deregulated Nutrient Sensing<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Deregulated nutrient sensing is defined by the\u00a0decline of the cell\u2019s ability to sense what nutrients are at hand and communicate to the other inner systems for further mechanisms to occur. Nutrient sensing pathways play a critical role in regulating cellular metabolism, energy balance, and growth and are essential for supporting the proper functioning of cells and tissues. One of the most profound nutrient-sensing pathways relates to how our cells behave in the presence of insulin and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30779006\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" data-link-style-setting=\"default\">insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-48  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-49  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2170 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2170 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/stem.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/stem.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/stem-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/stem-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/stem-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/stem-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-50  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >09 Stem Cell Exhaustion<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Stem cells are the type of cells that can turn into any kind of tissue in the body. Thus, they are\u00a0<strong>key to replenishing dying cells<\/strong> to maintain normal tissue function and regenerating injured tissues. A wide range of factors, some related to other hallmarks of aging, may promote stem cell exhaustion, such as DNA damage, telomere shortening, oxidative stress, and epigenetic factors. As the\u00a0<strong>function of stem cells declines over time,<\/strong> it is more likely that an organism will develop age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Studies have found that failure to trigger appropriate responses to DNA damage, for example, is strongly\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/6604029\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">associated with cancer initiation<\/a>\u00a0and progression.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-52  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-53  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2171 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2171 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/autof.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/autof.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/autof-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/autof-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/autof-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/autof-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-54  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >10 Disabled macroautophagy<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Macroautophagy, or autophagy, is the body\u2019s natural process through which\u00a0cells get rid of damaged or dysfunctional organelles\u00a0and proteins to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/healthnews.com\/longevity\/biohacking\/what-is-autophagy-and-how-can-it-promote-longevity\/\">help to maintain cellular homeostasis<\/a>. Age, oxidative stress, epigenetic factors, and mitochondrial dysfunction\u00a0may decrease our cells\u2019 ability to perform autophagy, leading to the accumulation of damaged cells and proteins and accelerating aging. Additionally, the inhibition of this inner \u201chealing\u201d mechanism has been linked to Alzheimer\u2019s disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-56  el_after_av_one_fourth  el_before_av_one_fourth  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-57  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2172 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2172 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/inflam.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/inflam.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/inflam-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/inflam-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/inflam-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/inflam-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-58  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >11 Chronic inflammation<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Chronic inflammation refers to a\u00a0constant, lingering, and low-grade inflammatory response that, over time, wrecks havoc on the body. Think of being poked by a small needle for a very long time. You might not even notice it for the first few hours, but as days, weeks, months, and years go by, it will cause great damage beneath your skin. Going beyond molecular inflammation and inflammaging, a group of researchers has identified\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6457053\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">multiphase inflammatory networks and proinflammatory pathways<\/a>\u00a0that may contribute to aging and, as a systemic response, may exacerbate age-related chronic diseases.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-60  el_after_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-last  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-61  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2174 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2174 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/dysb.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"700\" width=\"700\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/dysb.jpg 700w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/dysb-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/dysb-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/dysb-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/dysb-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-62  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >12 Microbiome Dysbiosis<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Dysbiosis is characterized as a\u00a0disruption in the gut microbiota. Many studies have emerged in the past few years regarding the importance of balance among the complex ecosystem of trillions of microorganisms in the gut microbiome. Scientists have concluded that \u201cthis sophisticated intestinal microbial ecosystem\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33307030\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">plays a pivotal role<\/a> in an array of physiologic activities that are critical to human development and support health.\u201d Adding this to the list of hallmarks of aging further explains how dysbiosis can lead to negative health outcomes, increase systemic inflammation and speed up aging. Furthermore, when the cooperation between our cells and the gut microbes falters, themicrobial community within the gut can\u00a0become a source of infection\u00a0and, at times, can lead to serious health conditions and age-related diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, and even neurological disorders such as depression and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-bg-style-scroll  avia-builder-el-64  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last   container_wrap sidebar_right' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2334'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; color:#871b45;font-size:30px;' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-65  el_before_av_toggle_container  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Our Research<\/h1><div class ='av-subheading av-subheading_below av_custom_color ' style='font-size:20px;'><p>Published Scientific Evidence<\/p>\n<\/div><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' style='border-color:#871b45'><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div   class=\"togglecontainer    avia-builder-el-66  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_toggle_container \" >\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-1\" class=\"toggler activeTitle\"  itemprop=\"headline\"    role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-1\">MDPI, Antioxidants, Basel, Switzerland<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-1\" class=\"toggle_wrap active_tc\"  style='display:block;' >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><div class=\"article-citation\">\n<div class=\"article-source\">\n<div class=\"journal-actions dropdown-block\">\n<p><button id=\"full-view-journal-trigger\" class=\"journal-actions-trigger trigger\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)\" aria-controls=\"full-view-journal\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Toggle dropdown menu for journal Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)\" data-pinger-ignore=\"\">Antioxidants (Basel)<\/button><span class=\"period\">.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"cit\">2022 Feb 26;11(3):468.<\/span>doi: 10.3390\/antiox11030468.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"heading-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35326118\/\">Antioxidant and Antiaging Properties of a Novel Synergistic Nutraceutical Complex: Readouts from an In Cellulo Study and an In Vivo Prospective, Randomized Trial<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"inline-authors\">\n<div class=\"authors\">\n<div class=\"authors-list\"><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Sophia Athanasopoulou<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>1<span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>2<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Marianna Kapetanou<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>1<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Michel Georges Magouritsas<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>3<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Nikoletta Mougkolia<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>1<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Polykseni Taouxidou<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>4<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Michael Papacharalambous<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>5<span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>6<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Fotios Sakellaridis<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>3<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Efstathios Gonos<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>1<span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>7<\/sup><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div   class=\"togglecontainer    avia-builder-el-67  el_after_av_toggle_container  el_before_av_hr \" >\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-2\" class=\"toggler activeTitle\"  itemprop=\"headline\"    role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-2\">New Biotechnology, European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB)<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-2\" class=\"toggle_wrap active_tc\"  style='display:block;' >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><div class=\"article-citation\">\n<div class=\"article-source\">\n<div class=\"journal-actions dropdown-block\"><button id=\"full-view-journal-trigger\" class=\"journal-actions-trigger trigger\" tabindex=\"0\" title=\"New biotechnology\" aria-controls=\"full-view-journal\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Toggle dropdown menu for journal New biotechnology\" data-pinger-ignore=\"\">N Biotechnol<\/button><span class=\"period\">. <\/span><span class=\"cit\">2017 Sep 25;38(Pt A):36-39. <\/span><span class=\"citation-doi\">doi: 10.1016\/j.nbt.2017.03.002.<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"secondary-date\">Epub 2017 Mar 6.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"heading-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28274691\/\">Anti-ageing properties of Khelma Longevity\u2122: treatment of human fibroblasts increases proteasome levels and decreases the levels of oxidized proteins<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"inline-authors\">\n<div class=\"authors\">\n<div class=\"authors-list\"><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Konstantinos Voutetakis<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>1<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Vasiliki Delitsikou<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>1<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Michel Georges Magouritsas<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>2<\/sup><span class=\"comma\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"authors-list-item\">Efstathios S Gonos<sup class=\"affiliation-links\"><span class=\"author-sup-separator\">\u00a0<\/span>3<\/sup><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div  style='height:50px' class='hr hr-invisible   avia-builder-el-68  el_after_av_toggle_container  el_before_av_one_full '><span class='hr-inner ' ><span class='hr-inner-style'><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-69  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_heading  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h2  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-70  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Antioxidant and Antiaging Properties of a Novel Synergistic Nutraceutical Complex<\/h2><div class ='av-subheading av-subheading_below  ' style='font-size:15px;'><p>Published Scientific Evidence<\/p>\n<\/div><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>(1) Our first double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, published in 26 February 2022 in the peer-reviewed journal MDPI Antioxidants (Volume 11\/Issue 3)<i>: <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3921\/11\/3\/468\">Antioxidant and Antiaging Properties of a Novel Synergistic Nutraceutical Complex: Readouts from an In Cellulo Study and an In Vivo Prospective, Randomized Trial<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-72  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  > Enhancement of Proteostasis in vivo (1)<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-equal-height-column-flextable -flextable' ><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-73  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_one_half  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-74  el_before_av_image  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2325 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2325 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/TR-ATR.png\" alt='' title='' height=\"153\" width=\"238\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-75  el_after_av_image  avia-builder-el-last  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2326 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2326 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/TR-PLAC.png\" alt='' title='' height=\"153\" width=\"238\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-76  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The primary outcome of the clinical study was the statistically significant decrease in oxidized plasma proteins for the volunteers that received <strong>Neos<\/strong><b>,<\/b> \u00a0while for the placebo subgroup, no changes in oxidation status were observed. No harm or unintended effects were recorded. The effects were stronger in people of the age range 45-55 and in females. This decrease of oxidized protein levels is correlated to the activation of the proteasome-mediated degradation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div class='flex_column_table av-equal-height-column-flextable -flextable' ><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-bottom av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-78  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-79  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2963 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2963 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sketo.png\" alt='' title='' height=\"147\" width=\"344\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sketo.png 344w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/sketo-300x128.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><b>Neos <\/b>has significant anti-oxidant effects in vivo. <strong>Neos<\/strong>\u00a0 reduces the levels of oxidized proteins after a 3-months supplementation in healthy volunteers.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-bottom av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-81  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_heading  column-top-margin\" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-82  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-2964 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2964 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/1-clinical.png\" alt='' title='' height=\"214\" width=\"346\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/1-clinical.png 346w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/1-clinical-300x186.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><b>Neos<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b>increases oxidized protein degradation via the proteasome. The decline of oxidized protein levels is accompanied by an increase of proteasome activity after 3-months supplementation in healthy volunteers.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h2  blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-84  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Anti-aging Properties of Khelma Longevity\u2122<\/h2><div class ='av-subheading av-subheading_below  ' style='font-size:15px;'><p>Published Scientific Evidence<\/p>\n<\/div><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-85  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_one_half  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p class=\"heading-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28274691\/\">Anti-ageing properties of Khelma Longevity\u2122: treatment of human fibroblasts increases proteasome levels and decreases the levels of oxidized proteins<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In vitro pilot study indicates that KHELMA LONGEVITY\u2122 is a potent proteasome activator demonstrating clear anti-ageing properties. The proteasome is a multisubunit enzyme complex that plays a central role in the regulation of proteins that control cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. Protein degradation by proteasomes plays a major role in the regulation of a wide range of basic cellular processes.<\/p>\n<p>The study is published in 25 September 2017 in\u00a0 New Biotechnology, special issue in memory of professor Brian F.C. Clark (1936-2014) : New Biotechnology is the official journal of the\u00a0<i><a href=\"http:\/\/www.efb-central.org\/\">European Federation of Biotechnology<\/a>\u00a0<\/i>(EFB).<\/p>\n<p>The study, determined the putative anti-ageing properties of Khelma Longevity\u2122, a formula based on various natural compounds from the Mediterranean area. Human primary fibroblast cultures were treated with a wide range of concentrations of KHELMA LONGEVITY\u2122 for 1 day or 3 consecutive days. Following these treatments, two major and complementary biomarkers of ageing were measured, namely, the proteasome and the amount of oxidized proteins. It was observed that 24 h of treatment with KHELMA LONGEVITY\u2122 resulted in a maximum increase of about 41% of the total protein levels of 20S proteasome. Levels of oxidized proteins were reduced by almost 6.5-fold following longer treatments. Specifically we have observed a maximum decrease of protein carbonyls to 84.7% in comparison with nontreated control cells following 3 days of continuous treatment with KHELMA LONGEVITY\u2122. These results support the notion that formulas rich in natural compounds from the Mediterranean area possess anti-ageing properties.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-87  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-88  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-1053 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-1053 avia_image' src=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4.jpg\" alt='' title='' height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/khelma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/\u03a7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2-\u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf4-705x705.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_2'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right' style=' '  ><div class='container' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-2334'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2334","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2334"}],"version-history":[{"count":94,"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3466,"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2334\/revisions\/3466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/khelma.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}